Class 10 Science MCQ Worksheet Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations | Detailed Solutions & Marking Scheme

 

VEDANT WORKSHEET SERIES - ACADEMIC YEAR 2026-27

CLASS X | SCIENCE

CHAPTER 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

Time Allowed: 1 Hour | Maximum Marks: 30


SECTION A

(15 MCQs × 1 mark = 15 marks)

1. A student adds iron filings to copper sulphate solution. After some time, the solution turns green. This indicates:

  • a) Formation of copper sulphate
  • b) No reaction has occurred
  • c) Displacement of copper by iron
  • d) Decomposition reaction

2. Which of the following represents a balanced chemical equation?

  • a) H2 + O2 → H2O
  • b) 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
  • c) H2 + O2 → H2O2
  • d) 2H2 + O → 2H2O

3. When calcium oxide reacts with water, heat is released. This reaction is:

  • a) Endothermic
  • b) Exothermic
  • c) Displacement
  • d) Neutralisation

4. The reaction in which a single compound breaks into two or more simpler substances is called:

  • a) Combination reaction
  • b) Decomposition reaction
  • c) Displacement reaction
  • d) Redox reaction

5. Which of the following is an example of a precipitation reaction?

  • a) Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
  • b) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
  • c) AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
  • d) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

6. Identify the oxidising agent in the reaction:
Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu

  • a) Zn
  • b) Cu
  • c) CuSO4
  • d) ZnSO4

7. Which of the following reactions involves both oxidation and reduction?

  • a) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
  • b) 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
  • c) Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
  • d) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

8. The gas evolved when zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid is:

  • a) Oxygen
  • b) Hydrogen
  • c) Carbon dioxide
  • d) Nitrogen

9. Which type of reaction is represented by:
A + BC → AC + B

  • a) Combination
  • b) Decomposition
  • c) Displacement
  • d) Double displacement

10. In electrolysis of water, water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen. This is:

  • a) Combination reaction
  • b) Thermal decomposition
  • c) Electrolytic decomposition
  • d) Displacement reaction

11. Rusting of iron is an example of:

  • a) Reduction
  • b) Oxidation
  • c) Neutralisation
  • d) Decomposition

12. Which observation confirms a chemical reaction has occurred?

  • a) Change in shape
  • b) Change in state only
  • c) Evolution of gas and heat
  • d) No visible change*

13. The reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride results in a white precipitate. The precipitate is:

  • a) NaCl
  • b) BaSO4
  • c) BaCl2
  • d) Na2SO4

14. Which reaction is endothermic?

  • a) Combustion of methane
  • b) Respiration
  • c) Decomposition of calcium carbonate
  • d) Formation of water

15. Which of the following statements is correct?

  • a) Reduction involves gain of oxygen
  • b) Oxidation involves loss of oxygen
  • c) Reduction involves gain of hydrogen
  • d) Oxidation involves gain of electrons

(15 Assertion-Reason Questions × 1 mark = 15 marks)

For Questions 16–30, choose the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true, R is correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, R is not correct explanation of A
C. A is true, R is false
D. A is false, R is true


16. Assertion (A): Magnesium ribbon burns with a bright white flame.
Reason (R): Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.

17. Assertion (A): Balanced chemical equations obey the law of conservation of mass.
Reason (R): Total number of atoms of each element remains same on both sides.

18. Assertion (A): Decomposition reactions require energy.
Reason (R): Bonds in compounds need energy to break.

19. Assertion (A): Iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
Reason (R): Iron is more reactive than copper.

20. Assertion (A): Double displacement reactions involve exchange of ions.
Reason (R): They always produce a precipitate.

21. Assertion (A): Oxidation is loss of electrons.
Reason (R): Reduction is gain of electrons.

22. Assertion (A): All exothermic reactions release heat.
Reason (R): Energy is absorbed in exothermic reactions.

23. Assertion (A): Rusting of iron requires oxygen and moisture.
Reason (R): Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide.

24. Assertion (A): In a neutralisation reaction, salt and water are formed.
Reason (R): It involves reaction between acid and base.

25. Assertion (A): Precipitation reactions are useful in water purification.
Reason (R): Insoluble impurities can be removed by filtration.

26. Assertion (A): In the reaction Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2, zinc is oxidised.
Reason (R): Zinc loses electrons to form Zn2+ ions.

27. Assertion (A): Endothermic reactions feel cold.
Reason (R): They absorb heat from surroundings.

28. Assertion (A): Combustion reactions are always exothermic.
Reason (R): They release heat and light energy.

29. Assertion (A): A chemical equation must be balanced.
Reason (R): Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a reaction.

30. Assertion (A): In displacement reactions, less reactive element replaces more reactive element.
Reason (R): Reactivity series determines displacement.


ANSWER KEY WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME

CLASS X | SCIENCE | CHAPTER 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

Marking Scheme:
• Each correct answer carries 1 mark
• No negative marking
• Total = 30 Marks


SECTION A – MCQs (15 Marks)

1. c) Displacement of copper by iron
Iron is more reactive than copper, so it displaces copper from CuSO4 solution. (Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu)

2. b) 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Balanced equation has equal number of atoms on both sides.

3. b) Exothermic
Heat is released when CaO reacts with water.

4. b) Decomposition reaction
A single compound breaks into simpler substances.

5. c) AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
Formation of insoluble AgCl (white precipitate).

6. c) CuSO4
Cu2+ ions gain electrons → reduction, hence oxidising agent.

7. c) Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
Oxidation (Zn → Zn2+) and reduction (Cu2+ → Cu) both occur.

8. b) Hydrogen
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑

9. c) Displacement
General form represents displacement reaction.

10. c) Electrolytic decomposition
Electric current causes decomposition.

11. b) Oxidation
Iron reacts with oxygen → rusting.

12. c) Evolution of gas and heat
Clear evidence of chemical reaction.

13. b) BaSO4
White insoluble precipitate formed.

14. c) Decomposition of calcium carbonate
Heat is absorbed → endothermic.

15. c) Reduction involves gain of hydrogen
Correct definition of reduction.


SECTION A – ASSERTION-REASON (15 Marks)

Correct Options:

  1. A
    Both true; burning Mg is reaction with oxygen forming MgO.

  2. A
    Law of conservation of mass explained correctly.

  3. A
    Energy is required to break bonds.

  4. A
    Iron is more reactive → displaces copper.

  5. B
    Both true, but not all double displacement reactions form precipitate.

  6. B
    Both true but independent statements.

  7. C
    Assertion true, Reason false (exothermic releases energy).

  8. A
    Rusting requires O2 + moisture; rust is hydrated Fe2O3.

  9. A
    Neutralisation produces salt + water.

  10. A
    Precipitation helps remove impurities.

  11. A
    Zinc loses electrons → oxidation.

  12. A
    Endothermic absorbs heat → feels cold.

  13. A
    Combustion always releases heat and light.

  14. A
    Balanced equation follows conservation law.

  15. D
    Assertion false (more reactive displaces less reactive), Reason true.


FINAL MARKING SUMMARY

SectionQuestionsMarks per QuestionTotal Marks
MCQs15115
AR15115
TOTAL3030


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

📘 Practice Zone – Worksheets (Class 9 to 12)

GUJCET Class 12 Physics MCQ Test – Electric charges and Fields (Chapter 1) | Full Chapter Test

Vedant Classes - Free Test Series