Class 10 Science Test Paper Chapter 9 Light Reflection and Refraction | GSEB Board | Detailed Solutions & Marking Scheme

📘 VEDANT IGNITE TEST SERIES

Class 10 – Physics

Chapter: Light – Reflection and Refraction

Time: 1 Hour | Marks: 30

---

🔷 Section A (7 Marks)

Q1. MCQs (1 mark each)

1. A ray of light is incident on a plane mirror at an angle of 30°. The angle of reflection is (30°, 60°, 0°)

2. The focal length of a plane mirror is (infinite, zero, negative)

3. Convex mirrors always form images which are (real and inverted, virtual and erect, real and erect)

---

Q2. Fill in the blanks (Choose correct option)

4. A beam of light consists of many ______ (rays / mirrors / images)

5. The SI unit of refractive index is ______ (no unit / metre / second)

---

Q3. True or False

6. The image formed by a concave mirror can be real as well as virtual. (True/False)

7. Angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection. (True/False)

---

🔷 Section B (6 Marks)

(Attempt ANY 3 questions – 2 marks each)

8. Define a ray of light and a beam of light.

9. State the two laws of reflection.

10. What are the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror?

11. Define pole, principal axis and centre of curvature of a spherical mirror.

12. Give any two uses of convex mirrors.

---

🔷 Section C (9 Marks)

(Attempt ANY 3 questions – 3 marks each)

13. Explain the types of beam of light with diagrams (parallel, convergent, divergent).

14. Draw ray diagram for image formation by a concave mirror when object is placed beyond C. State nature of image.

15. Draw ray diagram for image formation by a convex mirror.

16. An object is placed at 20 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. Find the position of image using mirror formula.

17. Define refractive index. Calculate refractive index if speed of light in vacuum is (3 \times 10^8) m/s and in medium is (2 \times 10^8) m/s.

---

🔷 Section D (8 Marks)

(Attempt ANY 2 questions – 4 marks each)

18. Explain mirror formula and magnification. Solve:
    An object is placed 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. Find image distance and magnification.

19. Draw ray diagrams for concave mirror when object is:
    (a) At focus
    (b) Between pole and focus
    State nature and position of image in both cases.

20. Explain uses of concave and convex mirrors with examples from daily life.

---

Here is your clean, plain-text detailed solved answer key (easy to copy, proper symbols, powers, and step marking):

---

📘 VEDANT IGNITE TEST SERIES

Class 10 – Physics

Chapter: Light – Reflection and Refraction

✅ Answer Key with Marking Scheme

---

🔷 Section A (7 Marks)

Q1. MCQs (1 mark each)

1. Angle of reflection = 30°
   Reason: Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
   Marks: 1

2. Focal length of plane mirror = ∞ (infinite)
   Marks: 1

3. Convex mirror image = virtual and erect
   Marks: 1

---

Q2. Fill in the blanks

4. Beam consists of many rays
   Marks: 1

5. Refractive index has no unit
   Marks: 1

---

Q3. True / False

6. True
   Marks: 1

7. True
   Marks: 1

---

🔷 Section B (6 Marks)

(Any 3 × 2 marks)

---

Q8. Ray and Beam

Ray: Straight line path of light
Beam: Collection of rays

Marking:
Ray → 1 mark
Beam → 1 mark

---

Q9. Laws of Reflection

1. Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of reflection (r)

2. Incident ray, reflected ray and normal lie in same plane

Marking:
Each law → 1 mark

---

Q10. Image by Plane Mirror

• Virtual and erect

• Same size

• Laterally inverted

• Same distance behind mirror

Marking:
Any 2 points → 2 marks

---

Q11. Definitions

Pole (P): Centre of mirror
Principal axis: Line through P and C
Centre of curvature (C): Centre of sphere

Marking:
Any 2 definitions → 2 marks

---

Q12. Uses of Convex Mirror

• Rear view mirror

• Security mirror

Marking:
Each → 1 mark

---

🔷 Section C (9 Marks)

(Any 3 × 3 marks)

---

Q13. Types of Beam

Parallel beam: Rays parallel
Convergent beam: Rays meet at a point
Divergent beam: Rays spread out

Marking:
Explanation → 2 marks
Diagram → 1 mark

---

Q14. Concave Mirror (Object beyond C)

Image position: Between F and C
Nature: Real, inverted, diminished

Marking:
Diagram → 2 marks
Nature → 1 mark

---

Q15. Convex Mirror

Image: Always behind mirror
Nature: Virtual, erect, diminished

Marking:
Diagram → 2 marks
Nature → 1 mark

---

Q16. Numerical (Mirror Formula)

Formula:
1/f = 1/v + 1/u

Given:
u = -20 cm
f = -10 cm

Substitute:
1/(-10) = 1/v + 1/(-20)

Solve:
1/v = -1/10 + 1/20
1/v = (-2 + 1)/20
1/v = -1/20

v = -20 cm

Final Answer: Image at 20 cm in front of mirror

Marking:
Formula → 1 mark
Substitution → 1 mark
Final answer → 1 mark

---

Q17. Refractive Index

Formula:
n = c / v

Given:
c = 3 × 10^8 m/s
v = 2 × 10^8 m/s

n = (3 × 10^8) / (2 × 10^8)
n = 3/2
n = 1.5

Marking:
Formula → 1 mark
Calculation → 1 mark
Final answer → 1 mark

---

🔷 Section D (8 Marks)

(Any 2 × 4 marks)

---

Q18. Mirror Formula + Magnification

Formula:
1/f = 1/v + 1/u

Given:
u = -15 cm
f = -10 cm

Substitute:
1/(-10) = 1/v + 1/(-15)

Solve:
1/v = -1/10 + 1/15
1/v = (-3 + 2)/30
1/v = -1/30

v = -30 cm

Magnification:
m = v/u
m = (-30)/(-15)
m = 2

Final Answer:
v = -30 cm
m = 2 (image is real, inverted, magnified)

Marking:
Formula → 1 mark
v calculation → 1.5 marks
m calculation → 1 mark
Nature → 0.5 mark

---

Q19. Ray Diagrams

(a) Object at F
Image at infinity
Real and inverted

(b) Between P and F
Image behind mirror
Virtual, erect, enlarged

Marking:
Each diagram → 1.5 marks
Nature → 1 mark

---

Q20. Uses of Mirrors

Concave mirror:

• Shaving mirror

• Headlights

• Solar furnace

Convex mirror:

• Rear view mirror

• Security mirror

Marking:
Concave (any 2) → 2 marks
Convex (any 2) → 2 marks

---

✅ Final Evaluation Instructions

• Correct formula missing → deduct 1 mark

• Sign mistake → deduct 0.5–1 mark

• Unit missing → deduct 0.5 mark

• Diagram neat & labelled → full marks

• Step marking compulsory

---